Symmetries of Nature: A Handbook for Philosophy of Nature and Science
Denis Gril, Miracles, , Brill, 2007 5, "One major challenge to examining initial contacts between Byzantium and the early Muslim umma arises from the controversy surrounding the traditional Islamic account

موسوعة الفتاوى

137 Netanel's work was virtually unknown beyond his native Yemen until modern times, so had little influence on later Jewish thought• Walters, Brian May 17, 2004.

25
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These sources contain internal complexities, anachronisms, discrepancies, and contradictions
موسوعة الفتاوى
Hitti, History of the Arabs, 10th edition 1970 , p
مسجد
Kafih Jerusalem, 1984 , ch
"Muhmmad," Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim world• Call to Prayer: My Travels in Spain, Portugal and Morocco
597, which notes that many of the details surrounding Muhammad's life as given in the biographies, are "problematic in certain respects, the most important of which is that they represent a tradition of living narrative that is likely to have developed orally for a considerable period before it was given even a relatively fixed written form

موسوعة الفتاوى

sources are not contemporaneous with the events they purport to relate and sometimes were written many centuries later.

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Lapidus 2002 , pp 0
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Ideally, one would like to be able to check such accounts against contemporary evidence
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Peter Teed 1992 , p
In the central Islamic lands" The Bustan al-Ukul, by Nathanael ibn al-Fayyumi, edited and translated by David Levine, Columbia University Oriental Studies Vol

محمد

.

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El-Cheikh, Nadia Maria Byzantium Viewed by the Arabs 2004, Harvard University Press p
محمد
Seeing Islam as others saw it: a survey and evaluation of Christian, Jewish, Robert G
موسوعة الفتاوى
Mainzer, Klaus June 1, 1996