| An ancestral relationship, Azeite do Alentejo• The and surrender of the limited Portuguese defensive garrison, which was forced to surrender to a much larger military force | Although a few other tracts were created around 1960 and 1970 , it was only after the beginning of the 1980s that large-scale motorway construction was implemented |
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| Throughout the colonial war period Portugal had to deal with increasing dissent, arms embargoes and other punitive sanctions imposed by most of the international community | Elected by universal suffrage according to a system of , deputies serve four-year terms of office, unless the President dissolves the Assembly and calls for new elections |
Brazilian independence was recognized in 1825, whereby Emperor Pedro I granted to his father the titular honour of Emperor of Brazil.
30| Additionally, it ranks highly in , , , , , , and | In the classical music domain, Portugal is represented by names as the pianists , , , the violinists Carlos Damas, and in the past by the great cellist |
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| 850 the 40th highest in 2018 | The following is a list of those with mainland |
From the various Germanic groups who settled in western Iberia, the left the strongest lasting cultural legacy in what is today Portugal, Galicia and western fringes of Asturias.
24| Portuguese laws were applied in the former and continue to be major influences for those countries | The nation is also a notable producer of , and |
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| The supreme national courts are the and the | , , , , and the were among the oldest Portuguese-founded port cities in its African territories |
Though Pedro was his heir, and reigned briefly as Pedro IV, his status as a Brazilian monarch was seen as an impediment to holding the Portuguese throne by both nations.